What are the specific tyre requirements and restrictions that must be considered during a vehicle's MOT test, including load ratings and axle weight?

The MOT test is a comprehensive vehicle inspection to ensure roadworthiness, with specific tyre requirements that are crucial for safety and performance. During an MOT, tyres must meet several criteria related to load ratings and axle weight distribution. Firstly, tyres should be suitable for the axle weight, meaning they must have the appropriate load rating for the vehicle's specified capacity. This is essential to avoid damage or premature wear due to excessive stress on the tyre structure. Secondly, the aspect ratio, which indicates the proportion of the width to the height of a tyre, plays a role in its suitability. Standard car tyres typically have an 82% aspect ratio, and it's important that the actual tyres fitted to the vehicle match this standard.

In addition to load ratings, the condition of the tyres is thoroughly inspected. Tyres must not be damaged or punctured, as any visible damage could compromise their performance and safety. The tread depth is also critical; it should measure at least 1.6mm across three-quarters of the tyre's width, ensuring adequate traction and grip on various road surfaces. Primary grooves must also be a minimum of 1.6mm deep to maintain effective drainage, which is crucial for braking efficiency and overall vehicle control.

Furthermore, tyres need to fit correctly and securely onto the wheels. Tyre retaining rings should be properly fitted to prevent them from detaching during operation. The wheels themselves should not exhibit fractures or welding defects and must be free from distortions and excessive wear. These requirements collectively contribute to a vehicle's overall safety and performance during the MOT test, ensuring that tyres provide reliable traction, handling, and braking capabilities while adhering to manufacturer specifications.